Per-Capita Rates (2024)

MAID Deaths per 100,000 Population by Province

Health Canada's annual reports provide provincial breakdowns of MAID deaths. When adjusted for population, significant disparities emerge. Quebec consistently leads in per-capita MAID administration, followed by British Columbia. The prairie provinces and Atlantic Canada have lower rates.

QC
63.2 / 100K
BC
51.8 / 100K
ON
39.1 / 100K
MB
34.7 / 100K
AB
31.6 / 100K
NS
30.3 / 100K
NB
26.5 / 100K
SK
24.0 / 100K
NL
18.9 / 100K
PE
13.9 / 100K

Rates calculated from Health Canada MAID death counts divided by Statistics Canada population estimates. Territories excluded due to small sample sizes.

Analysis

What the Provincial Data Reveals

Quebec: 2x the National Average

Quebec consistently leads all provinces in per-capita MAID administration. Quebec was the first province to legalize assisted dying (2014, before the federal framework) and has the most established institutional infrastructure for MAID delivery. Quebec's Act Respecting End-of-Life Care operates alongside the federal Criminal Code framework, creating a dual regulatory environment with broader eligibility criteria in practice.

British Columbia: Second Highest and Climbing

BC's MAID rate has grown faster than any other province year-over-year. BC Health authorities have been proactive in integrating MAID into hospital and hospice care pathways. The province has the second-highest proportion of Track 2 (non-terminal) MAID deaths, suggesting broader institutional adoption of expanded eligibility criteria.

Prairie Provinces: Below Average but Rising

Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba have below-average MAID rates but are trending upward. Rural access barriers and cultural attitudes account for some of the gap. As MAID delivery infrastructure expands into rural health networks, prairie rates are expected to converge toward the national average over the next 3-5 years.

Atlantic Canada: Lowest Rates, Oldest Populations

The Atlantic provinces have the lowest MAID rates despite having Canada's oldest populations (highest median age). This suggests that MAID uptake is driven more by institutional infrastructure and cultural acceptance than by demographic need. PEI's rate is less than one-quarter of Quebec's — a 4.5x difference between provinces under the same federal law.

Growth Trajectory

Year-Over-Year Provincial Growth

Province 2019 2022 2024 Growth (5yr)
Quebec 1,632 4,156 5,431 +233%
Ontario 1,789 4,261 5,872 +228%
British Columbia 922 2,421 2,739 +197%
Alberta 527 1,036 1,456 +176%
All Other 761 1,367 1,001 +32%
CANADA 5,631 13,241 16,499 +193%

Source: Health Canada Annual Reports on MAID (1st-6th editions). 2024 from Sixth Annual Report.

Sources: Health Canada, Annual Reports on Medical Assistance in Dying in Canada (1st-6th editions, 2019-2024); Statistics Canada, Population Estimates by Province and Territory (Table 17-10-0009-01); Quebec Act Respecting End-of-Life Care (RLRQ, c. S-32.0001); Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), Provincial Health Expenditure Data. All per-capita calculations use Statistics Canada mid-year population estimates.